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From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (05 January 2017) [foldoc]:
programming language
computer language
A formal language in which computer programs are
written. The definition of a particular language consists of both
syntax (how the various symbols of the language may be combined)
and semantics (the meaning of the language constructs).
Languages are classified as low level if they are close to
machine code and high level if each language statement
corresponds to many machine code instructions (though this
could also apply to a low level language with extensive use of
macros, in which case it would be debatable whether it still
counted as low level). A roughly parallel classification is
the description as first generation language through to
fifth generation language.
The other major classification of languages distinguishes
between imperative languages, procedural language and
declarative languages.
{Programming languages in this dictionary
(/contents/language.html)}.
{Programming languages time-line/family tree
(http://levenez.com/lang/history.html)}.
(2004-05-17)